- hZ(y)ƴkƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t ]ȣ
- P(gun)]
P(gun)ڝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t
hZ(y)ƴ(du)ͨԒ(ji)ƴ(xi)оwҎ(gu)СP(gun)ڝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tϣ(du)
һĸywúʹ÷
ywڸ(ji)c(ji)֮gl(f)ƴ(xi)r(sh)ֻҪ(ji)_(ki)^ iu ĸͱʹ yw ʾ(ji)_(ki)^ywҲ^ĸ磺li unf(wn)Č(xi) li wnf(wn)zh ע⣩Č(xi) zh yע⣩
ywʹЃɷN
1oĸyw
ĸiеĸҪy_(ki)^i](mi)Ԫiǰyyĸiiningyiyinying
߀УǨ_(ki)^(ji)ڨǰһɼyͬr(sh)σc(din)ʡĸУ
an n
yuyuanyun
u_(ki)^(ji)u](mi)Ԫuǰwuwu
2oĸQyw
i ĺ߀ԪͰiQyʾ(ji)_(ki)^磺
ia ie iao iou ian iang iong
ya ye yao you yan yang yong
u Ѕ^(q)eԪͰ u Q w磺
ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ueng
wa wo wai wei wan wen wang weng
÷
ĸ jqx cĸ _(ki)^ď(f)ĸ eĸ n ƴr(sh) ăc(din)ʡԣ@?yn)?jqx ܸ u ƴ jqx F(xin) u @(g)ĸr(sh)ֻ uˣ σc(din)ȥҲ(hu)c u jӣq^(q)x裩
ӛס ƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tÿEӛjqx ֵܣҊ(jin)С c(din)ȥ
ĸ nl ƴr(sh) σc(din)Ͳʡȥ?yn)?nl ܺ ƴ߀ܺ u ƴ
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t
hZ(y)ƴЎR(sh)xW(xu)(x)ͨԒ@(xing)W(xu)ĺӼҪW(xu)ÝhҪW(xu)ƴĸ
ƴxҎ(gu)t
ƴƴxҎ(gu)tǰpأBһ
ƴƴxҎ(gu)tpĸ푣Bx혮(dng)
ƴxע(xing)ĸ{(dio)ĸ{(dio)wJ(rn)x(ji)ƴx
(ji)ĕ(sh)(xi)
(1)(ji)Ďׂ(g)ĸҪo(xi)þoQ;
(2)?q)һ(g)(ji)ĸ٘(bio){(dio)̖(ho);
(3)Ҫһ(g)ĸ(xi)һ(g)ĸҪһ(g)(ji)(xi)һ(g)(ji)
׳e(cu)ĸĕ(sh)(xi)b-d p-q t-f ei-ie ui-iu
hZ(y)ƴĸ(sh)(xi)P호E:
Ȍ(xi)AQ(xi)߅
b L(zhng)Q(xi)A
c һP(xi)ɶA¾o
d иȌ(xi)A߅L(zhng)Q
e иЌ(xi)MӹPٌ(xi)A
f Q̙M(xi)ڶ߅
Ȍ(xi)AQ
h L(zhng)QQ(xi)߅
i Q(xi)gһc(din)
j QϸЌ(xi)Ac(din)
k L(zhng)QббҌ(xi)g
l L(zhng)Q(xi)ֱźÿ
m Q(xi)gQQ(xi)߅
n Q(xi)gQ(xi)߅
o Ҍ(xi)AȦ¾o
p L(zhng)Qи(xi)ҰA
q иȌ(xi)A߅L(zhng)Q
r Q(xi)gһС
s 8(xi)һ°
t Qҏ̙M(xi)ڶ߅
u и(xi)QQ(xi)߅
u(xi)gc(din)
w ббό(xi)ɱ¾o
x ббg¾o
y биб
z 2ӲՏиҪM
wJ(rn)x(ji) yi wu yu Ĺ£
СiС u С λСҪȥͯ@Ǜ](mi)ˎô? y ʹ w Ҋ(jin)(yng)һȥ y С i (ji)yi w С u ֣(ji) wuʣС ](mi)ˎÃɵۜIL˳(li) y Ҋ(jin)f(shu)(li)?gu)һȥðۜIɃС æۜI y ͳ(ji) yi ȥ@·d߅߅y u Ҫy w(li)֡y i w uס ۜIMæȥ y ~(y)
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tw
ʹÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)ͨԒr(sh)Ҫ쾚ƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tF(xin)ƴ(xi)e(cu)`ƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tҪעׂ(g)棺
һywʹ
ʹ(ji)hZ(y)ƴҎ(gu)ĸ_(ki)^(ji)Ҫքeʹøĸyw
1iĸҪ(xi)yi£yѽye(Үyoyounynyinyn룩yinӢyonӺ
2uĸҪ(xi)wuwܣwoCwiᣩweiwnwenأwnweṇ
3ĸҪ(xi)yuأyuesyunԩyun(
iouueiuenʹ
@(g)ĸĸƴr(sh)ҪȥgԪĸ(xi)iuuiunniuţuiwlunՓ ǰĸҪywʹҎ(gu)tքe(xi)youweiwenҊ(jin)iouueiuenՓČ(xi)ڌ(sh)Hƴ(xi)r(sh)F(xin)ڷĸĽY(ji)(gu)r(sh)fʹiouueiuenʡ(xi)ʽ
ʹ
ĸܺjqxnl傀(g)ĸƴĸjqxԺͨƴDzuƴ˜p٨ijF(xin)lʣhZ(y)ƴҎ(gu)(dng)jqxͨƴr(sh)ϵăc(din)Ҫʡȥ(xi)uӡ̓Ҫ(xi)juquxu܌(xi) jqxnlȿԺuƴֿԺͨƴ(dng)nlͨƴr(sh)ϵăc(din)ʡȥŮΡҪ(xi)nl܌(xi)nulu
ģ{(dio)̖(ho)λ
{(dio)̖(ho)(jin)Q{(dio)̖(ho)Ҫ(bio)ĸϣ(bio)ĸĸֻһ(g)Ԫ{(dio)̖(ho)ֻܘ(bio)ǂ(g)Ԫbˣtᣩǰ푏(f)ĸ{(dio)̖(ho)(bio)ǰһ(g)Ԫbibi Ϻ푏(f)ĸ{(dio)̖(ho)(bio)ںһ(g)Ԫjiңu(gu)Ϗ(f)ĸ{(dio)̖(ho)(bio)gԪjiouiԣiuuiun iouueiuenʡ(xi)ʽiuui{(dio)̖(ho)(bio)ںһ(g)ԪunĘ(bio)̖(ho)(bio)ǰһ(g)Ԫϡ niţuwlnՓ
塢hZ(y)ƴ~
hZ(y)ƴֻҎ(gu)ͨԒ(ji)ƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t](mi)Ҏ(gu)~ӵƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t@c(din)f(shu)Dz߀Ҫ~Ҏ(gu)ta(b)hZ(y)ƴ~Ҏ(gu)ÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)F(xin)hZ(y)Ҏ(gu)t1996122գ(gu)Ҽg(sh)O(jin)(zhn)l(f)A͇(gu)(gu)Ҙ(bio)(zhn)hZ(y)ƴ~Ҏ(gu)tGB/T 161591996(bio)(zhn)Ҏ(gu)áhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)F(xin)hZ(y)Ҏ(gu)t(ni)ݰ~B(xi)Z(y)ƴ(xi)(li)~ƴ(xi)ƴ(xi)(bio){(dio)Ҏ(gu)tȡm(yng)Ҫͬr(sh)һЩɹg(sh)̎׃ͨʽ(bio)(zhn)mĽ̡Ϣ̎T(mn)áhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)F(xin)hZ(y)Ľy(tng)һҎ(gu)
hZ(y)ƴ~Ҏ(gu)tҎ(gu)ƴ(xi)ͨԒ~(sh)(xi)λ磺rnˣpoܣpnyouѣyudxdnshǣfichndz din sh jҕC(j)
ʾһ(g)wp(ji)(ji)Y(ji)(gu)B(xi)磺ntiFhnqt죩dubuq(du)chdexioԵ
(ji)ϱʾһ(g)wQ~Z(y)(ji)_(ki)(xi)ܰ~Z(y)(ji)ֵȫB(xi)磺wfn nuno(w)p䓹ܣZhnhu Rnmn GnhuA͇(gu)hnshzhutʮ֕(hu)
W(xu)(x)~Ҫһ(g)^ÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)~;ӵĕr(sh)һҪ~B(xi)Ҫ(ji)Ҳǰh֣(xi)ҲҪȫBһL(zhng)硰(lin) Nƴ
1~B(xi)xnwn linb
2hַ(xi)xn wn lin b
3ȫB(xi)xnwnlinb
ֻеһN(xi)~Ҏ(gu)
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)t(x)
һĸӛE
(g)6b b bĘ蝊ˮp p pɂ(g)T(mn)m m m
һչf f f°Ad d dt t t
һ(g)T(mn)n n nһСl l l9ּ^
C(j)k k kһh h hi¼^ j j j
(g)9 q q qһ(g)x x x(g)2 z z z
낀(g)AȦc c c낀(g)8 s s szzh zh zh
cch ch chssh sh sh
r r r,·y y y, Сw w w
ĸ6(g)ӛE
͏ ͈AAo o o ͱe e e
X(du)R i i i ͻu uu 촵
(f)ĸ9(g)ӛE
i i i̺ұȸ߰
ei ei eiZw
ui uiui ҴҪˮ
o o o̐(i)\
ou ou ouϿwt
iu iu iu]Ͳǰ]
ie ie ieҰZͳԘ(sh)~
e e eС~(y)TZȥL¡
er erer ҰZЂ(g)СС
ĸ9(g)ӛE
5(g)ǰĸ
n n n̵찲T(mn)
en en enZT(mn)ǰ
in in in³T(mn)Ц
un un unfT(mn)ǰ܇(ch)݆
n n nС~(y)ײT(mn)^l(f)
4(g)ǰĸ
n n n·^߰
en en en׳ߺߺ
in in inһ
on on onuҪx(chng)
(sh)(xi)Ҏ(gu)t
ľλQ
ľӛgƴĸס߅
{(dio)Ac(din)(xi)첲L(zhng)סϸ
βL(zhng)ס¸и
иһҪMϸ¸һc(din)
(sh)(xi)Ҏ(gu)tӛgƴ܌(xi)Ҏ(gu)
ƴxӛE
1ƴǰp̺أBһ!
b bo che܇(ch) di du lG
ci feiw uiw ho dou
niuţ qie n-Ű
mn ren qinH tun x-n
dn(dng) nen xin zhon
2ƴpĸBx혮(dng)
ji lio| xin xin xion
hu duo hui kun shunp
x--n q--nȫ
wJ(rn)x(ji)16(g)ӛE
zh ch sh r z c sԳ(ji)i
yi wu yuһo(w)
ye yue yuanҹA
yin yun ying[Ӱ
ƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)ɿE
1Сj(lu) q x yȥc(din)߀x
2ƴnlc(din)ʡ
{(dio)E
һƽƽɽ¡
ɽ¡
(bio){(dio)Ҏ(gu)t
Ș(bio)a o e ٘(bio) i u
iuИ(bio)iϘ(bio){(dio)c(din)Ĩ
p(bio)Ϳ
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏ(gu)tP(gun)£
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